Is it possible to have your MYSQL database in a server different to the one that hosts your website? i.e., database in different hosting company/server . Or do both website and database have to been on the same server for the website to use the database??
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Yes , it is possible.
You will need to change a security for a user to allow mysql access from remote machine and in connect clause use the server name instead of localhost. I have not seen any hosting providers which would allow this.
They can be on different servers (machines) but it’s not practical for small websites. It is a custom practice for large websites with high traffic, they even split the database to multiple machines.
It is possible. My current host actually keeps the mysql server seperate from the hosting server. Just change the db server from localhost to your server ip or name.